A variety of hematopoietic growth factors — medications that help the bone marrow produce more blood cells — are used therapeutically in myeloma. In some cases they are used as part of general supportive care as adjuncts to other therapies. In other cases they are a critical component of the stem cell transplantation process.

Growth factors used in myeloma include erythropoietin, a substance that stimulates
the production of red blood cells, and
colony-stimulating factors, substances that
stimulate the production of white blood cells.